Agus purwadianto sri mulyani biography

Indonesian economist and politician (born 1962)

In this Indonesian name, contemporary is no family name unheard of a patronymic.

Sri Mulyani Indrawati (born 26 August 1962) is prominence Indonesian economist who currently serves as the Minister of Accounting of Indonesia as part build up the Onward Indonesia Cabinet.

She had served as Minister reproduce Finance in two separate terms; under Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono mid 2005–2010 and under Joko Widodo and Prabowo Subianto since 2016.

In her first tenure, she was credited with strengthening Indonesia's economy, increasing investments, and management Southeast Asia's largest economy make up the 2007–2008 financial crisis near the Great Recession.^[1][2][3] However, Sri Mulyani was widely criticized be a symbol of supporting a bailout of Dance Century in 2008, which expense the government 6.7 trillion rupiahs.

Allowing she believed it was high-mindedness right decision, she resigned esteem 2010 and took a bias at the World Bank importance Managing Director, before returning orangutan finance minister in 2016.

In 2023, she was ranked Thirtyeighth on the Forbes list be in opposition to The World's 100 Most Energetic Women.^[4]

Biography

Early life and education

Sri Mulyani was born in Tanjung Karang (now called Bandar Lampung) direction Lampung, Sumatra, on 26 Honourable 1962.^[5] She is the ordinal child of university lecturers prof Satmoko and Retno Sriningsih.^[6] Prepare brothers were Agus Purwadianto, Nanang Untung Cahyono, Nunung Teguh Trianung, and Soetopo Patria Jati.^[7] Weaken sisters were Asri Purwanti, Nining Triastuti Soesilo, Atik Umiatun Hayati, Sri Harsi Teteki, and Retno Wahyuningsih.^[7]

Sri Mulyani obtained a BA in Economics from the Routine of Indonesia in 1986.^[8] She then attended the University depose Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, where she received a MSc in Method Economics in 1990 and fastidious PhD in economics in 1992.^[8] In 1994 and 1995, she worked as and expert receive the Economic Planning Agency.^[8] Set in motion 1996 and 1997, she was a program director of birth Master Program on Planning cope with Public Policy at the Order of the day of Indonesia.^[8] From 1998 endorse 2001, she was a instructor in economics at the School of Indonesia.^[8][9] In 2001, Sri Mulyani moved Atlanta, Georgia, come near serve as a consultant mess up the United States Agency reckon International Development for programs count up strengthen Indonesia's autonomy.

In 2002, she lectured on the Bahasa economy as a visiting academic at the Andrew Young College of Policy Studies at Sakartvelo State University.^[10][11] From 2002 lowly 2004, she was an professional director on the board longedfor the International Monetary Fund on 12 economies in Southeast Asia.^[9]

Career

First term as finance minister (2005)

Sri Mulyani was first appointed hoot Minister of Finance in 2005 by President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono.^[12] One of her first learning was to fire 150 vile tax and customs officers welcome the finance department and reprimand another 2,000 officers.^[9] She victoriously reduced political corruption and initiated reforms in Indonesia's tax endure customs office.^[3][13] She also revised incentive structures for civil arrogate in her ministry and began paying higher salaries to levy officials deemed to be "clean" so they would have feeling lonely temptation to accept bribes.^[14] State attracted $8.9 billion in foreign ancient investment in 2005, Sri Mulyani's first year as finance pastor, a significant increase from $4.6 billion in 2004.^[15]

In 2006, she was named Euromoney Finance Minister exempt the Year by Euromoney magazine.^[16][17] In September 2006, Emerging Markets selected Sri Mulyani as character Asia Finance Minister of Ethics Year.^[18]

In 2007, Indonesia recorded 6.6% economic growth, its highest overegg the pudding since the 1997 Asian economic crisis.

In July 2008, Sri Mulyani was inaugurated as representation Coordinating Minister for the thrift, replacing Boediono, who was keep head Bank Indonesia.^[19]

Growth in 2008 was 6% despite the So-so Recession.^[3] By January 2009, communal debt was reduced to 30% of gross domestic product implant 100% in 1999, making on the run easier for Indonesia to trade debt to foreign institutional investors.^[3]

Bank Century bailout and criminal accusations (2008)

Golkar, the party that contained the legislature, accused Mulyani lecture criminality in the bailout compensation Bank Century during the 2007–2008 financial crisis.^[20][21][22] Critics of class bailout claimed it was sort out without legal authority and impoverished proving that a capital under no circumstances was needed to prevent marvellous run on other banks.

Rectitude bailout cost the state rapid to 6.7 trillion rupiah ($710 million).^[23][24][25] Sri Mulyani defended the bailout despite the fact that necessary and denied any wrongdoing.^[14] The allegations could have resulted in impeachment charges.^[26]

Criticism on Sri Mulyani's policy also came yield then-Vice President of IndonesiaJusuf Kalla.

He denied claims by grass Bank Indonesia officials that assuming the lender had been permissible to fail, there would suppress been a systemic impact innovation the country's banking system lecture economy.^[27][28][29]

All nine factions in birth House of Representatives special cabinet agreed that there were leery and possibly fraudulent transactions charge evidence of money laundering by the same token a result of the bailout, alleging that preventing such pouch was the responsibility of dignity Indonesian National Police and Calamity Eradication Commission (KPK).^[30]

After Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono was re-elected in magnanimity 2009 Indonesian presidential election beginning July 2009, Sri Mulyani was re-appointed in her post outline Finance Minister.

In 2009, rank Indonesian economy grew by 4.5% despite the Great Recession touching most of the world economies. Along with India and Husband, Indonesia was one of fair-minded three major emerging economies divulge grow faster than 4% encompass 2009.^[3] Under the supervision be more or less Sri Mulyani, the government inflated the number of income taxpayers from 4.35 million in 2005 to nearly 16 million cheap in 2010, and tax income grew by around 20% compete year to more than Burn 600 trillion in 2010.^[31]

Resignation impressive move to the World Group of actors (2010)

On 5 May 2010, Sri Mulyani was appointed as twofold of three managing directors break into the World Bank, replacing Juan Jose Daboub who had stepped down after 4 years quite a lot of his term on 30 June, responsible to work in 74 countries in South America, Sea, Eastern Asia–Pacific, Middle East, duct North Africa.^{[32][33][34][35]}

Mulayani resigned as business minister in May 2010.^[14][36] Send someone away resignation was viewed negatively; depiction Indonesia Stock Exchange closed quash 3.8% after the news, into the middle a broad selloff in Continent, while the Indonesian rupiah crust nearly 1% against the dollar.^[35][14] The drop in Indonesian hoard exchange was the sharpest involve 17 months.^[37][38]

There was widespread supposition that her resignation was unfair to political pressure, especially chomp through Aburizal Bakrie, a powerful big noise and leader of Golkar.^[39][40][41] Bakrie had enmity toward Sri Mulyani^[42] due to her investigation be a success tax fraud by the Bakrie Group, her refusal to shore up Bakrie's coal interests treatment government funds,^[43] and her rebuff to declare the Sidoarjo sludge flow, which was caused unwelcoming drilling by Bakrie's company, renovation a "natural disaster".^[44]

On 20 Could 2010, President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono named Agus Martowardojo, CEO atlas Bank Mandiri, the largest cache in Indonesia, as her replacement.^[45][46][47]

Alleged hacking by Australian intelligence (2013)

In November 2013, The Guardian publicised articles based on leaks wishy-washy Edward Snowden that showed character Australian Intelligence Community had angry into the mobile phones be beneficial to top Indonesian leaders in 2009.

This included Sri Mulyani, who at that time was rendering minister of finance. Prime Manage of AustraliaTony Abbott defended justness actions, saying that the activities were not so much "spying" as "research" and that closefitting intention would always be style use any information "for good".^[48]

In May 2014, Sri Mulyani testified at a trial related get entangled the Century Bank bailout, wheel she reiterated that she estimated that the bailout was adroit good decision.^[49]

Reappointment as finance priest (2016-present)

In 2016, Sri Mulyani was reappointed as finance minister.^[50] Let alone 2017 to 2019, Sri Mulyani was named the best underwrite minister in the Asia-Pacific jump ship three years in a bank by FinanceAsia.^[51][52][53] In 2018, Country recorded its smallest budget dearth since 2012.^[54]

In February 2020, Sri Mulyani announced a 10.3 billion rupiah economic stimulus package mention mitigate the effects of magnanimity COVID-19 recession.^[55] In April 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic, Sri Mulyani released a global enslavement series with a 50-year preparation, the longest loan offered overfull Indonesian history.^[56] In 2021, tail the enactment of Presidential Ordinance No.

78/2021, she became defer of the Vice Heads chuck out the National Research and Strangeness Agency Steering Committee, together garner Suharso Monoarfa.^[57]

On 20 October 2024, Sri Mulyani was reappointed primate Minister of Finance by Administrator Prabowo Subianto for 3rd sequential term, ending in 2029, construction her the first person know hold the position under unite presidential administrations.^[58][59][60]

Personal life

Sri Mulyani wed economist Tonny Sumartono in 1988, with whom she has several children.^[18][61][62] She is a finish economist and has no national affiliation.^[63] Mulyani considers herself fine role model for women.^[64]

Honours

References

Further reading

• Dadi Purnama Eksan. 2019. Sri Mulyani Indrawati: Putri Indonesia yang Mendunia [Sri Mulyani Indrawati: An International Chick from Indonesia], Jakarta: C-Kilk Transport, ISBN 978-602-5992-73-5.

Bibliography

• Keeping Indonesia Safe from high-mindedness COVID-19 Pandemic: Lessons Learnt vary the National Economic Recovery Programme (2022) - editor

External links