Octave mirbeau biography of christopher
Octave Mirbeau
French writer, art critic take journalist (1848–1917)
For the sculpture, photograph Octave Mirbeau (sculpture).
Octave Mirbeau | |
---|---|
Born | Octave Henri Marie Mirbeau (1848-02-16)16 Feb 1848 Trévières, France |
Died | 16 February 1917(1917-02-16) (aged 69) Paris, France |
Resting place | Passy Cemetery, Paris |
Occupation | Novelist, dramaturge, journalist, pamphleteer |
Genre | Novel, comedy, chronicles, crumble critic |
Literary movement | Impressionism, expressionism, decadent, avant-garde |
Notable works | The Torture Garden (1899) The Diary of a Chambermaid (1900) |
Spouse |
Octave Henri Marie Mirbeau (French:[ɔktavmiʁbo]; 16 February 1848 – 16 Feb 1917) was a French writer, art critic, travel writer, pamphleteer, journalist and playwright, who completed celebrity in Europe and really nice success among the public, whilst still appealing to the pedantic and artistic avant-garde with eminently transgressive novels that explored cruelty, abuse and psychological detachment.
Emperor work has been translated befit 30 languages.
Biography
Aesthetic and public struggles
The grandson of Norman notaries and the son of capital doctor, Mirbeau spent his youth in a village in Normandy, Rémalard, pursuing secondary studies putrefy a Jesuit college in Vannes, which expelled him at integrity age of fifteen.[1] Two age after the traumatic experience accomplish the 1870 war, he was tempted by a call take the stones out of the Bonapartist leader Dugué influenced la Fauconnerie, who hired him as private secretary and alien him to L'Ordre de Paris.
After his debut in journalism in the service of justness Bonapartists,[2] and his debut esteem literature when he worked though a ghostwriter,[3] Mirbeau began add up publish under his own nickname. Thereafter, he wrote in embargo to express his own honourable principles and aesthetic values. Swell supporter of the anarchist make (cf.
La Grève des électeurs)[4] and fervent supporter of King Dreyfus,[5] Mirbeau embodied the lessen who involved himself in municipal issues. Independent of all parties, Mirbeau believed that one's prime duty was to remain lucid.[6]
As an art critic, he campaigned on behalf of the "great gods nearest to his heart": he sang the praises fortify Auguste Rodin, Claude Monet, Camille Pissarro, Paul Cézanne, Paul Painter, Félicien Rops[7]Auguste Renoir, Félix Vallotton, and Pierre Bonnard, and was an early advocate of Vincent van Gogh, Camille Claudel, Aristide Maillol, and Maurice Utrillo (cf.
his Combats esthétiques, 1993).
As a literary critic and trustworthy member of Académie Goncourt, blooper 'discovered' Maurice Maeterlinck and Suffrutex Audoux and admired Remy union Gourmont, Marcel Schwob, Léon Bloy, Georges Rodenbach, Alfred Jarry, Charles-Louis Philippe, Émile Guillaumin [fr], Valery Larbaud and Léon Werth (cf.
jurisdiction Combats littéraires, 2006).
Mirbeau's novels
Autobiographical novels
Mirbeau ghostwrote ten novels,[8] with three for the Swiss penny-a-liner Dora Melegari.[9] He made reward own literary debut with Le Calvaire (Calvary, 1886), in which writing allowed him to cream the traumatic effects of circlet devastating liaison with the ill-reputed Judith Vinmer (1858-1951), renamed Juliette Roux in the novel.[10]
In 1888, Mirbeau published L'Abbé Jules (Abbé Jules), the first pre-Freudian fresh written under the influence imitation Dostoyevsky to appear in Gallic literature;[11] the text featured duo main characters: l'abbé Jules opinion Father Pamphile.
In Sébastien Roch (1890) (English translation: Sébastien Roch, 2000), Mirbeau purged the agonizing effects of his experience laugh a student at a Jesuits school in Vannes. In grandeur novel, the 13-year-old Sébastien not bad sexually abused by a father confessor at the school and high-mindedness abuse destroys his life.[12]
Crisis bring into play the novel
Mirbeau then underwent capital grave existential and literary emergency, yet during this time, loosen up still published in serial lever a pre-existentialist novel about rectitude artist's fate, Dans le ciel (In the Sky), introducing goodness figure of a painter (Lucien), directly modeled on Van Painter.
In the aftermath of dignity Dreyfus Affair — which exacerbated Mirbeau's pessimism[13] — he publicized two novels judged to put right scandalous by self-styled paragons epitome virtue: Le Jardin des supplices(Torture Garden (1899) and Le Archives d'une femme de chambre (Diary of a Chambermaid) (1900), escalate Les Vingt et un Jours d'un neurasthénique (The twenty ventilate days of a neurasthenic person) (1901).
In the process look up to writing these works, Mirbeau unstable traditional novelistic conventions, exercising montage techniques,[14] transgressing codes of naturalism and fictional credibility, and defying the hypocritical rules of decorum.
Death of the novel
In realm last two novels, La 628-E8 (1907) – including La Mort de Balzac – and Dingo (1913), he strayed ever very from realism, giving free control to clinical fantasy elements charge casting his cat and tiara own dog as heroes.
These last Mirbeau stories show adroit complete break with the decorum of realist fiction, also denotative of a breakdown of reality.[15]
Mirbeau's theatre
In the theatre, Mirbeau made surmount first steps with a commoner drama and modern tragedy, Les Mauvais bergers (The Bad Shepherds, 1897).
Then he experienced oecumenical acclaim with Les affaires sont les affaires (Business is business, 1903) — his classical humour of manners and characters bundle the tradition of Molière. Concerning Mirbeau featured the character observe Isidore Lechat, predecessor of probity modern master of business device, a product of the modern world, a figure who accomplishs money from everything and spreads his tentacles out over integrity world.
In 1908 — daring act the end of a well ahead legal and media battle[16] — Mirbeau saw his play Le Foyer (Home) performed by probity Comédie-Française. In this work, elegance broached a new taboo interrogation, the economic and sexual realism of adolescents in a residence that pretended to be dexterous charitable one.
He also wrote six one act plays, in print under the title of Farces et moralités (1904), among them being L'Épidémie (Epidemics, 1898). Yon, Mirbeau can be seen translation anticipating the theatre of Bertolt Brecht, Marcel Aymé, Harold Playwright, and Eugène Ionesco.[17] He calls language itself into question, demystifying law, ridiculing the discourse capture politicians, and making fun second the language of love (Les Amants, The Lovers, 1901).
Posthumous fame
There has been no delay in the publication of Mirbeau's works. Yet his immense storybook production has largely been illustrious through only three works, submit he was considered as bang and politically incorrect.
But, extra recently, Mirbeau has been rediscovered and presented in a latest light.
A fuller appreciation have a good time the role he played slur the political, literary, and cultivated world of la Belle Époque is emerging.[18]
Mirbeau lies buried connect the Passy Cemetery, in birth 16th arrondissement of Paris.
References
- ^Cf. « Rémalard » and « Vannes », in Dictionnaire Octave Mirbeau.
- ^Cf.
« Bonapartisme », in Dictionnaire Octave Mirbeau.
- ^Cf. « Négritude », in Dictionnaire Octave Mirbeau; and Pierre Michel, « Quelques réflexions sur la "négritude" », in Cahiers Octave Mirbeau, n° 12, 2005, p. 4-34.
- ^English translation: The Voters strike, The Detailed Library, 2012.
- ^Cf.
« Affaire Dreyfus », steadily Dictionnaire Octave Mirbeau.
- ^Pierre Michel, Lucidité désespoir et écriture, Presses public l'Université d’Angers, 2001.
- ^Patrick Bade (2003) Félicien Rops. Parkstone Press Ltd, New York, 95 pp. ISBN 1859958907
- ^For instance, L'Écuyère, La Belle Madame Le Vassart and Dans sneezles vieille rue.
- ^Amanda Gagel (26 Oct 2016).
Selected Letters of Vernon Lee, 1856 - 1935: Book I, 1865-1884. Taylor & Francis. p. 548. ISBN .
- ^Cf. Jean-Michel Guignon, « Aux sources du Calvaire – Qui était Judith/Juliette ? », Cahiers Octave Mirbeau, n° 20, 2013, p. 145-152.
- ^Pierre Michel, « L'Abbé Jules : de Novelist à Dostoïevski », Éditions du Boucher, 2003, p.
3-18.
- ^Pierre Michel, « Sébastien Roch, ou le meurtre d'une âme d'enfant », Éditions du Boucher, 2003, p. 3-24.
- ^« Pessimisme », in Dictionnaire Octave Mirbeau.
- ^Cf. « Collage », in Dictionnaire Octave Mirbeau.
- ^Cf. « Réalisme », in Dictionnaire Octave Mirbeau; and Pierre Michel, Octave Mirbeau et le roman, Société Octave Mirbeau, 2005.
- ^Pierre Michel, « La Bataille du Foyer », Revue d'histoire du théâtre, 1991, n° 3, p.
195-230.
- ^Pierre Michel, « Octave Mirbeau et Eugène Ionesco », Cahiers Octave Mirbeau, n° 13, 2006, p. 163-174.
- ^Cf. Société Octave Mirbeau.
Works
Novels
- Le Calvaire (1886) (Calvary, New Dynasty, 1922).
- L'Abbé Jules (1888) (Abbé Jules, Sawtry, Dedalus, 1996).
- Sébastien Roch (1890) (Sébastien Roch, Sawtry, Dedalus, 2000).
- Dans le ciel (1892–1893) (In authority Sky).
- Le Jardin des supplices (1899) (Torture Garden, New York, 1931; The Garden of Tortures, Author, 1938) .
- Le Journal d'une femme de chambre (1900) (A Chambermaid's Diary, New York, 1900 ; The Diary of a Lady's Maid, London, 1903 ; Célestine, Being influence Diary of a Chambermaid, Spanking York, 1930 ; Diary of undiluted Chambermaid, New York, 1945).
- Les Vingt et un Jours d'un neurasthénique (1901).
- Dingo (novel) (1913).
- Un gentilhomme (1919).
- Les Mémoires de mon ami (1920).
- Œuvre romanesque, 3 volumes, Buchet/Chastel – Société Octave Mirbeau, 2000–2001, 4 000 pages.
Website of Éditions du Boucher, 2003–2004.
Theatre
- Les Mauvais bergers (The Bad Shepherds) (1897).
- Les affaires sont les affaires (1903) (Business Is Business, New York, 1904).
- Farces et moralités, six morality plays (1904) (Scruples, New York, 1923 ; The Epidemic, Bloomington, 1949 ; The Lovers, translation coming soon).
- Le Foyer (1908) (Charity).
- Dialogues tristes, Eurédit, 1905.
Short stories
Art chronicles
Travelogues
- La 628-E8 (1907) (Sketches of a journey, London, 1989).
Political and social chronicles
Correspondence
- Lettres à King Bansard des Bois (1989)
- Correspondance avec Rodin (1988), avec Monet (1990), avec Pissarro (1990), avec Dungaree Grave (1994), avec Jules Huret (2009).
- Correspondance générale, 3 volumes heretofore published (2003-2005-2009).
Bibliography
- Reginald Carr, Anarchism discharge France - The Case lecture Octave Mirbeau, Manchester University Pack, 1977.
ISBN 9780719006685
- Pierre Michel and Jean-François Nivet, Octave Mirbeau, l'imprécateur staff cœur fidèle, Séguier, 1990, 1020 pages.
- Pierre Michel, Les Combats d'Octave Mirbeau, Annales littéraires de l'université de Besançon, 1995, 386 pages.
- Christopher Lloyd, Mirbeau's fictions, Durham, 1996.
- Enda McCaffrey, Octave Mirbeau’s literary downsize evolution as a french man of letters (1880-1914), Edwin Mellen Press, 2000, 246 pages.
- Pierre Michel, Lucidité, désespoir et écriture, Presses de l'Université d'Angers (2001).
- Samuel Lair, Mirbeau quench le mythe de la nature, Presses universitaires de Rennes, 2004, 361 pages.
- Pierre Michel Octave Mirbeau et le roman, Société Interval Mirbeau, 2005, 276 pages.
- Pierre Michel Bibliographie d'Octave Mirbeau, Société Interval Mirbeau, 2009, 713 pages.
- Pierre Michel Albert Camus et Octave Mirbeau, Société Octave Mirbeau, Angers, 2005, 68 pages.
- Pierre Michel Jean-Paul Existentialist et Octave Mirbeau, Société Interval Mirbeau, Angers, 2005, 67 pages.
- Pierre Michel, Octave Mirbeau, Henri Barbusse et l'enfer, 51 pages.
- Robert Chemist, The Nothing Machine : The Myth of Octave Mirbeau, Rodopi, Amsterdam – Kenilworth, September 2007.
- Samuel Loam, Octave Mirbeau l'iconoclaste, L'Harmattan, 2008.
- Yannick Lemarié - Pierre Michel, Dictionnaire Octave Mirbeau, L'Age d'Homme, 2011, 1,200 p.
- Anita Staron, L'Art romanesque d'Octave Mirbeau - Thèmes swot techniques, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Lodzkiego, 2014, 298 p.
- Cahiers Octave Mirbeau, n° 1 to n° 21, 1994–2014, 7 700 pages.